It’s a translation / transliteration feature that was added in April, here are the release notes:
Go to Settings > General > Languages for Artist and Album Names. Enable languages/scripts that you want to see, then order them in the preferred order. (You can also enable a script that you want to see by can’t read. In this case, drag it down the list. It can be neat to see how an artist is written in their native language even if one can’t read it)