Upsampling (filtering, etc) is a costly process. A basic Nucleus without DSP might consume about 10W. A SonicTransporter i9, with DSP running, apparently consumes around 90W.
Would it make sense, at least for frequently-played tracks, to be able to save off the output of various digital signal processes for later re-use? I’m thinking (as a minimum) of something like the iTunes command to “create lossless version” in Roon DSP or HQPlayer. For the first time yesterday, I used this function in iTunes (on some AAC files) then played the results in Roon (HQplayer). I did not do a systematic A-B comparison, but seem to notice a big SQ improvement. Although in some cases maybe the effect sounded a little exaggerated/unnatural.