I can do it 3 ways.
- A Bluesound Node 2i (Airplay 2 input) feeding HQPlayer Embedded on Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS. Deezer and Spotify (even their upcoming HiFi) is limited to 44.1kHz sample rates, so Airplay 2 is fine here. No sample rate conversions.
Can even use the Node 2i’s Spotify Connect input.
Could use a Cambridge Audio CXV V2 or Chromecast Audio for Chromecast input.
Anything with a TOSlink output really.
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PC/Macbook directly USB connected to HQPlayer OS running on UpBoard Gateway. This features automatic sample rate switching… cool for Qobuz. Not required for Deezer and Spotify and Apple Music for reason mentioned above.
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On macOS, using Black Hole as an input in HQPlayer Desktop. Does not support auto sample rate switching but not required for Deezer and Spotify and Apple Music for reason mentioned above (they are fixed at 44.1kHz).
No UPnP involved in any of the above.